Online resources found on BAnQ

https://www.banq.qc.ca/ressources_en_ligne/intruments_rech_archivistique/archives_judiciaires/index.html?language_id=1

Judicial archives guide

Guide to Court Records, Evelyn Kolish, 2017, 99 p. [PDF – 1.16 Mo]

BAnQ has close to 21 kilometres of court records in its 10 centres, dating back to the middle of the 17th century. These records constitute an historical archival fonds of remarkable depth and continuity, that enables researchers to study how Québec society has changed from its origins to the present day.

Created by courts throughout Québec, these records are preserved in the BAnQ regional centre closest to their point of origin. Because they show how different aspects of daily life have changed, both over time and by region, they can give sometimes highly detailed information about the past. This information can provide many different paths of inquiry: into specific people and events, as well as into broader social, economic and political phenomena – not to mention the judicial system itself! The Guide to Court Records will give researchers an overview of how the courts themselves and the records they create have changed over the past four centuries. Furthermore, for practical purposes, the Guide is based specifically on the court records preserved in BAnQ’s regional centres

Below is a copy of the document the above text refers to.

The database below consists of property assessments available at the repository of Montreal Archives.

The subject matter of property assessments is often overlooked by family lineage researchers and some are not aware of the existence of Archives Montreal.

Settlement of New France during the 17th century / Peuplement de la Nouvelle-France au 17^e siècle

This dossier addresses the origin of French Canadians, Acadians, and Franco Americans, and those who recruited them to settle in New France.

Websites:

• BnF Gallica (Bibliothèque nationale de France) in Paris (Online dossiers (free))
• BnF Catalogue général (Bibliothèque nationale de France- two main libraries in Paris
• BAnQ Catalogue –12 repositories across the province.
• BAnQ Numérique (Online dossiers (free)
• BAnQ Collections (Online dossiers (collections) addressing New France & Québec –  the people who made a difference.
• MemHOuest – Université de Rennes –  Master Theses – various universities of France who researched the origin in North West France of immigrants bound for the North American French Colonies from 1598 onward.
• Revue d’histoire – Outre-Mers – Essays, dissertations, papers by college and university professors of France who published texts addressing the immigrants from mostly North West France  destined to the French Colonies of North America including Nouvelle-France, Acadie, Louisiane of the 17th and 18th centuries.
• Les Cahiers des Dix –the best and most influential historians and authors of the French language in Québec province –  1920s onward..
• Les Sept aux Archives nationales du Canada in Ottawa. The most prominent French language historians associated with Library Archives Canada and Université d’Ottawa  for the  past 60+ years.
• University History professors – Cambridge University, Université de Paris à La Sorbonne, McGill University, University of Toronto, University of Ottawa, Université de Montréal, Université Laval, University of Moncton who wrote about New France and Acadia.
• Société royale du Canada (Royal Society of Canada) based in part in Ottawa- historians who also addressed  New France, Acadia, Louisiana and France.

Click the link to open in a new window.

Marguerite, a young teenager along with her three siblings boarded the ship. She could only fathom in her wildest imagination what lay ahead. Her head and heart were filled with sorrow and sadness leaving behind everything she had ever known. The one thing that brought her solace and comfort: knowing she would soon become a marriageable young woman and had signed a contract to marry Jean Veron de Grandmesnil when she arrived in New France.

Excerpt: definition of filles a marier – marriageable young women  

“Filles a Marier (1634 to 1662) One of the first organizations formed to settle New France was a group called the Company of 100 Associates. They recruited young single men to come to Quebec under a three-year contract. This organization soon realized it was in their best interest to encourage these men to stay at the end of their indenture period, but they needed women in New France to encourage these men to stay. Thus, they began recruiting “marriageable young girls” who would sign a contract in France and then given a dowry to become the wife of a settlor in Quebec. Some were sponsored by their church; a company associate or merchant. Others were of minor noble families, cousins, or sisters of men already in the colony. ….. Later, critics of the plan tried to say that all the girls were prostitutes taken off the streets of Paris, but this was rarely, if ever, the case. Most settled down, raised families, and formed the roots of many French-Canadian families.”^1.

Sebastien Hayet,^3. Marguerite’s father had married her mother, Madeleine Henault around 1628 and she was born around 1630. Some historians note that her birth took place in Paris, Saint Paul, Ile de France, while others place her birth in St. Malo. Perhaps, St. Malo would most likely be correct. Both Sebastien and Madeleine were from there. Not long into their marriage Sebastien died leaving Madeleine, a young widow and young Marguerite.

Madeleine, Marguerites’ mother was now a widow. At the age of 25 she married a second time in Paris in 1635 to Pierre Esprit Radisson, 44 years old.^4. They had three children, Francoise, Elisabeth, and Pierre Esprit, the famous explorer. Their father, a merchant in Paris and owned a prosperous clothing store. The marriage lasted only several years. Pierre died in 1641.

On the 16^th of September 1641 Court records in the Chatelet de Paris indicate that Madeleine requested an inventory of Pierre’s possessions.⁵ A six-page inventory was prepared which she signed. Now a widow for the second time and mother of four young children, no doubt she must have been overwhelmed. She wondered about her future. Life had taken another abrupt turn. How would she cope with another changing event?

Little is known about Madeleine’s life with her children after Pierre’s death. Within five years she too died leaving behind four children. Perhaps that is when the three girls, despite their young ages signed contracts with promises of marriage once they arrived in New France.

After a long and arduous journey crossing the Atlantic Ocean, the Radisson siblings arrived most probably in Quebec City during the summer of 1646. There is no doubt Marguerite was living in the home of Jean Godfrey de Linctot in service to his family and it seems possible that the three siblings were also living there. In the meantime, her future husband, Jean Veron, a soldier, had arrived in Three Rivers several years earlier in 1644.

Jean Veron de Grandmesnil and Marguerite Hayet were married November 25^th, 1646. Marguerite received a wedding gift of 50 acres of land from Jean Godefroy on the Lintot concession. ^6.

In 1649 Jean Veron was one of fourteen soldiers to receive a concession at Cap de la Madeleine. The couple settled into their home, and it is speculated that the Radisson siblings lived with the young couple.

Marguerite gave birth to a daughter named Marguerite, followed by a son, Etienne, followed by another son, Guillaume.^7.

It was a rough and dangerous period filled with tensions in New France between the settlers and the Iroquois. In less than a year after giving birth to Guillaume, Jean Veron was killed by the Iroquois in a skirmish on August 19,1652 and was buried the same day.^8. This was a shocking blow for the young mother now responsible for three very young children. Once more her courage and resilience were being tested.

Less than a year after Jean’s untimely death Marguerite married widow Medard Chouart DesGroseilliers ^9. whose wife, Hélène Martin, the daughter of Abraham Martin had died while giving birth. Marguerite and Medard were joined in Holy Matrimony on August 24^th, 1653 in Quebec City and settled in Three Rivers. ^10. Their first son was born in 1654, a daughter in 1657, another daughter in 1659 and a third daughter in 1661. Marguerite now had seven young children under her care, the eldest being an eleven-year-old.

Medard Chouart Des Groseillers was an explorer who partnered with Pierre Esprit Radisson, Marguerite’s half-brother. They were often on very long journeys. She often wondered if, and when they would return home safely. While Medard was away for extended periods of time she assumed all the responsibilities of caring for the children, managing their several business ventures and those of Pierre. Over the years she became a very astute businesswoman. Many notarial records indicate a plethora of transactions made in her name. However, there came a time in her life when all the family assets and property were seized while Medard was on one of his lengthy journeys.

“On January 27, 1663, Arnaud Perré had her assets and property seized. He then asks for the auction of these. Marguerite opposes this on February 7, stating that she had to protect the rights of her children. On March 6, Perré demanded that the seizure of the property and assets be carried out, or that she pays him 1952 “livres” in the name of her husband. Also, he demanded that she make an inventory of her property. Marguerite tried to negotiate and even offers her share of an inheritance. On April 6, the property was seized.” ^11.

Marguerite overcame these hurdles; just as she had done throughout her life.

Many of Marguerite’s children’s lives were cut short. In 1664 Marie Anne Chouart died at the age of seven. On the census of 1666 the names of Marguerite Veron and Marguerite Chouart do not appear, having died prior to 1666. The following year Guillaume also succumbed and in 1678 Jean-Baptiste died. Five of the seven children died in the span of a dozen years. These were trying times for Marguerite often finding herself alone to cope while Medard on an expedition. There were times of joy when the two surviving children, Etienne and Marie Antoinette were both married in 1677.

Médard returned from all his explorations in 1684 and settled in Québec City highly indebted. In 1698 Medard Chouart Des Groseilliers passed away in Sorel.

Marguerite return to Three Rivers where she lived a remarkable life for another 27 years. During that time on May 19, 1701, she contracted an obligation to her son Étienne Véron and died on the 22 of June 1711 at the age of 81 leaving behind her two surviving children and her sister Élisabeth Radisson, wife of Jutras, who died in 1722. ^12.

Marguerite Hayet-Radisson-Veron-Chouart became an orphan in her teens, married twice, had seven children, buried five of them during her lifetime. She took care of business while Medard explored the Great Lakes and along with his partner founders of the Hudson Bay Company.

The young “fille à marier” lived a life filled with adventures, hardships, and deep sorrows, along with sprinkles of joy along the way. My seventh great aunt proved to be a resilient woman throughout her life, one who possessed an overabundance of courage.

^13. A brief summary of Marguerite’s life,

Sources:

1. http://fahfminn.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Ancest-PW-100818-website.pdf
2. https://www.prdh-igd.com/en/home
3. https://www.prdh-igd.com/en/home
4. https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Henault-6
5. https://robertberubeblog.wordpress.com/2017/04/27/1646-linfluence-de-marguerite-hayet-aupres-des-explorateurs-radisson-et-desgroseillers-the-influence-of-
6. https://www.prdh-igd.com/en/home
7. https://www.facebook.com/groups/394084010943300   Robert Berube
8. https://www.prdh-igd.com/en/home
9. https://www.prdh-igd.com/en/home
10. https://www.facebook.com/groups/394084010943300   Robert Berube
11. https://www.facebook.com/groups/394084010943300   Robert Berube
12. http://www.migrations.fr
13. http://www.migrations.fr

History of Medicine in the Province of Quebec

1760 – 1800

The following database consists of biographical sketches of surgeons, doctors, nurses, and pharmacists who made a difference in the early years of Quebec. Information is gleaned from these books:

Medicale au vieux Trois Rivières  

Visages du vieux Trois Rivières,

Medicine in the Province of Quebec,

Hotel-Dieu de Montreal

Registre_journalier_des_malades_de_

l’Hotel-Dieu_de_Quebec,

along with many biographical sketches, theses, and memoirs.

The database includes numerous authors who wrote about the history of medicine, the doctors involved in military operations in Quebec, the hospitals, and the diseases of the time.

An extensive list of repositories from Canada and France was used in this database.