Tag Archives: Primitive Methodists

Revelations on the Moors

Lately, I came into possession of a family heirloom, a book of poems, that allows me to see deep into the heart and mind of one of my great grandfathers, a rare gift for a genealogist.

I didn’t inherit this book from a relation: I got it off the Internet! And it took quite a few years for the book to find its way home.

Initially, I knew just two thing about the Reverend John Forster (1850-1926) my dad’s maternal grandfather. He was a Methodist minister and he developed dementia later in life. The story goes: one night he woke his wife of many years and asked, “Woman, what are you doing in my bed?” My grandmother, Dorothy Forster Nixon, told my mother the serio-comic story when she visited us in Montreal in 1967.

When I started researching John Forster’s life in 2017 (fifty years later!) for a story on this blog, it took me all of ten seconds to find out a lot more about him. The Primitive Methodists have a comprehensive website with bios of former Ministers.

According to John Forster’s bio there, he was the son of a Northumberland farmer; he joined the PM church in 1874 after attending a revival; he was very well read but never ‘paraded’ his knowledge; he married twice, my great grandmother Emma Cowan being his second wife; he had four children, a son by his first marriage and daughters, Agnes, Norah and Dorothy with his second wife.

Rev. John on the Primitive Methodist Website

Apparently, John worked the evangelical circuit for forty years, from Carlisle to Sunderland, two years here, two years there. My grandmother was born in 1895 in Middleton-on-Teesdale, County Durham.

John also wrote articles and poems for the P.M. Connexional Review and other venues and he had a book of poems, “Pictures of Life in Verse” published in 1923. Apparently, these poems contained ‘lyrics of extraordinary charm and grace.”

Boy, wouldn’t it be fun to read these poems.

I immediately contacted the website manager. Yes, they had a library but the book was lost.

I checked the Internet, no luck. (The book was available, however, at the British, Scottish and Welsh national libraries.)

So I wrote my two pieces about Reverend John without any samples of his poetry.

For some reason, just the other day, I tried again. This time, I found Pictures of Life in Verse on Abebooks at an antiquarian bookstore in the south of England.

According to the blurb there was an inscription in pencil on a front page. Could this inscription be by a family member, I wondered. Could this volume be a genuine family heirloom about to come home to me? I filled in my credit card info and pressed “purchase.”

When the little brown volume arrived, I immediately checked and, well, maybe the inscription was pencilled in by my great aunt Norah, but if she wrote this she spelled her name wrong.

(It is likely someone else wrote this, not Norah. She too got dementia. She was a concert pianist and school music mistress.)

Whatever, this volume of sacred and profane romantic poetry published over 100 years ago is a true family treasure.

That night I perused the twenty or so poems in the book and, yes, I liked them very, very much. They are, indeed, charming as well as thoughtful.

It seems that my great grandfather saw God in nature, not surprising for someone whose vocation brought him up and down the sun-dappled Dales and brooding Moors of Northern England.

A couple of snippets:

The bee makes love to all the flowers-

White and Yellow and Blue and Red –

He woos them all for hours and hours,

And kisses them all ere he goes to bed.

….

Seems Gillimoore village, with nothing to show

To mark it off from a hundred such,

Hardly distinguishable each from each.

Then, all in a flash, the purple sea

Of heathers before you so gloriously;

Acres and acres, and miles on miles,

Northword the August moorland smiles.

(Driving into Helmsley. We visited North Yorkshire in September 2024. Later, we drove to Whitby through the moors and they were, indeed, glorious.)

Rev. John was clearly an empathetic man, too, a good thing for a Minister.

Mother and Son (abridged)

My boy’s alive, but he’s dead to me;

Was it but yesterday that he

Sat on my lap and stood on my knee?

…

He talks to me of things afar,

Which unto him familiar are,

To me remote as any star.

…

He talks of politics and laws,

Of human rights and the people’s cause,

In a ready way, as one who knows.

Is this poem about John’s relationship with his Mom? She was a farmer’s wife and John left to join the Primitive Methodists who helped organize early labour unions in the UK. Even though many of their followers were illiterate, their ministers had to take probationary exams on many ‘abstruse’ subjects. (John’s adjective.)

Yes, John’s working class flock was made up of simple people, miners, farmers and factory workers, and some poems in the collection are about tradesmen. Here a postman performs his duties oblivious to the joys and heartbreak he brings to people on a daily basis.

The Postman (abridged)

In a coat of blue with facings red,

And a stiff-peaked cap upon his head;

Across his shoulders a canvas bag,

With parcels and letters all asag…

…A careless-hearted Mercury he

To carry the fiats of destiny

Down the street from side to side,

Whistling he goes with hasty stride.

Another romantic poem about the simple life is called The Stone-breaker (abridged).

He rises early to his toil,

He breathes the fragrant morning air,

Released by evening with a smile,

He goes to bed without a care.

Having the sun he needs no clock,

His carpet is the turf so green,

The passing shepherd and his flock,

To him are good as change of scene.

According to the UK Census, my father’s paternal grandfather, Robert Nixon was a delver in a quarry in Hemsley, North Yorkshire in 1911. Reverend John was posted in Helmsley from 1912 to 1914. Could this poem be about Robert? Robert’s son, also Robert, a footman turned Malayan planter, and John’s daughter, Dorothy, married in 1921. She moved to Malaya to be with her new husband. (Robert Sr. according to his 1933 obit was also a lay Methodist Minister and a forestry/mill superintendent during WWI.)

Here’s a poem where John Forster wonders if penning poems is a vanity exercise – or a therapy of sorts.

The Bard’s Dilemma (abridged) “with apologies to the Shade of WS:”

To write or not to write, that is the question.

Whether ‘tis nobler in the bard to suffer

The stings and itches of his vanity,

Or to take a pen, and shed a sea of ink,

And by composing end them.

So, he is plagued with self-doubt but has a sense of humour about it.

In his poem The Inexpressible (abridged) John suggests that logic and intellect hinder true understanding.

“ Of give me a speech

To learn and to teach,

Not things that are wrought

In the smithy of thought.”

So, even more self-doubt, here. Is book-learning a waste of time?

The poem, Insomnia (abridged) seems personal:

I lay me down, I lie quite still,

Sleep surely will not stay;

But now the minx o’er yonder hill

Peeped, laughed, then ran away.

She is a maiden coy and shy,

Affrighted by a stare,

And so I close my eyes and try

To catch her unaware.

These days they understand there is a connection between lack of sleep and Alzheimer’s. As it happens, my father also succumbed to that disease and he, too, was an insomniac. (My mom said his insomnia was ‘because of the war.’)

Which brings me to my very own revelation on the Moors: As I reflect on these ‘romantic’ poems, written by my very down-to-earth North of England great grandfather, I realize that I am not merely looking into the mind of the Reverend John Forster, Victorian Age Primitive Methodist Minister. I am seeing deeper into the mind of my own father, Peter Nixon.

My father, born in 1922 (the year T.S. Eliot penned the prophetic The Wasteland, turning naturalism and romanticism on its ear, was an Oxford rugby star, RAF pilot and reluctant chartered accountant. But he was never more himself than when he was remarking on the shape of a flower or behavior of an insect on the many nature walks he took me on, and he did this in a child-like way I could relate to. He may not have resembled his maternal grandfather John Forster in physiognomy or frame, (physically he took after the rugged, sporty Nixon side) but he was most decidedly the Reverend John in character! He was a simple, gentle, thoughtful person who could not abide city living.

That I cannot deny as I read these old family poems. What a revelation, really. What a gift to me.

Five complete poems, three possibly autobiographical and one that proves my great-grandfather didn’t let Darwin’s theories get in the way of his faith.

The Road on the Hill

In a gray house, in a lone dale,

Beside a brawling burn,

Which babbled strange things to itself,

With many a leap and turn,

We lived, my brother Jim and I,

And many a summer’s day

We spent, beside the idle burn,

The idle hours in play.

And still two things we wondered at,

That always were in sight,

The turnpike winding round the hill

And the hill’s towering height.

We saw the people walk the road,

From hour to hour they sped,

We saw them vanish round the turn,

And knew not where it led.

We looked up at the towering height,

In childish wonder fond,

We knew so well the hither side,

But not the side beyond.

Jim’s feet have never trod that road,

Which once he wondering eyed,

But he has trod the mystic hill,

And seen the other side.

And I have trod the turnpike road

And turned the curving hill,

But the dark mountain’s farther side

Is secret to me still.

‘Tis I have seen beyond the bend,

And he the summit’s path,

For I have walked the road of life,

And he the road of death.

The Simple Life

The eldest is off on the train

The next one is singing within,

The youngest two skipping outside,

Oh hear you their quarrelsome din?

O happy the man with a wife,

Of happy the wife with the child,

And grandmother’s too can enjoy

The live that is lively and mild.

Of life that is simple, and free

From the cares that environ the great;

The health and the peace and the love,

The small but sufficient estate.

The joys that are natural and pure,

the Cares so eventless and calm,

The aims that are wisely defined,

Contentment that falls like a balm.

O think of the joys that are lost

In fretting for things we have not,

O think of the bliss we may find

Enjoying the things we have got.

We will build a neat house for ourselves,

On the slope of the sun-fronting hill;

In the winter with books on our shelves,

In summer a garden to till.


And, then, when the evenings are sweet,

In the long, lingering, sad Autumn time,

If the old mood romantic comes back,

Perhaps we may jingle a rhyme.

And there let us live, let us die,

Satisfied with the things of our lot,

On earth, if remembered on high,

Content to be quickly forgot.

(Me: Not so quickly, after all!)

The Worm Track

How very curious as I sit,

And scratch my name upon a stone,

That I by accident should hit,

Upon the work of one long gone;

A worm, who wriggled, blind and prone,

In the wet sand with motion slow,

And left his track so plainly shown,

Long, long ago! Long, long ago!

That sand is stone, and now when split,

Revealing what is marked thereon,

I see Time’s long procession flit

Past me me in many a vague aeon;

And think, “Time has been long begun

When that work made his markings so,

And earth even then had ancient grown,”

Long, long ago! Long, long ago!

Of their descent, more than a bit,

Men boast in supercilious tone;

Behold a worm’s, compared with it,

What have they got to boast upon?

His proof of long descent is drawn

Upon the rock without a flaw;

His ancestry goes back, you’ll own,

Long, long ago. Long, long ago.

My Wife and I

My wife and I have but one mind;

Like vessels filled from each other’s o’erflow,

All our thoughts pass too and fro,

For we’ve everything in common you know.

The bits of gossip, but nothing unkind,

‘Tis so nice, when I get home at night;

Feet on fender in the firelight,

To tell her them all; all the odds and ends

Of news picked up among my friends;

What one has said and another done,

And the last good tale that made such fun,
And all the happenings of the day.

To my wife alone be sure to tell,

The secret I was to guard so well;

For we’ve but one mind between us you see,

She is I and I is she.

When I get home, where we go to bed,

I’ll tell her this, to myself I say–

For I forget—alas, she is dead.

John’s first wife, Mary Chaytor appears to have died in childbirth. The Primitive Methodists supported women’s equality, suffrage etc and they allowed women to preach! It is likely John’s second wife, Emma Cowen, helped him out, perhaps even taking over the pulpit when he was indisposed. Farming wives, of course, have always worked alongside their husbands. The children too for that matter.

The Worker of the Future

He sings as he toils to the joyful tune

Which life beats out in his heart and brain,

He sings as he toils as the lark soars in June,

For his soul exults in the fight and strain.


He sings as he toils, for toil is sweet

When the sense is keen and the soul is free;

When strength has winged the hands and the feet,

And health in the veins is melody.

He sings as he toils for the fruit is his own,
The artist’s joy and the maker’s pride

Are his are the products shaped and grown,

And he walks the earth with the freeman’s stride.

He sings as he toils; his song of praise

To the Maker of all good things is paid;

Who made Man his helper, His good to upraise,

And perfect the world Himself has made.

(The Primitive Methodists worked to improve working conditions for the average man and woman.)

Afterward: I have written stories about my grandmother Dorothy Nixon here on GE. A Terrible Beautiful Life and The Jungle Librarian.

John’s poems, showing she was a middle child with a much older male half-sibling, also help to explain her character and that I’ll tackle in a future essay.

Socialists and Auctioneers

grandmmdmdmmdm

Emma Forster. Reprinted courtesy of the genealogy website myprimitivemethodists.org

Yippee!

For a while there I thought I had an illustrious ancestor, Joseph Cowen, the radical Liberal MP from Newcastle-on-Tyne. Here was someone I could be proud of and  someone my ‘socialist’ brother, living in Europe, could be proud of, too. Or, so I thought.

Upon looking up my great-grandmother Emma Cowen’s father, John, on familysearch.org ,  I discovered that the man was born in Blaydon Manor, Durham, which would make him the brother of this famous Joseph Cowen.

There was no other John Cowen born in Durham in 1832, his birth year, so it had to be him. Right?

I texted my brother in socialist Denmark along with a capture of a statue of Joseph in the town of  Newcastle. “Look, who we’re related to. We’re NOT the descendants of lowly coal-miners. He’s got Daddy’s eyebrows, doesn’t he?)

My brother, probably washing down his grass-fed beef with an artisanal beer, immediately texted me back:  “That doesn’t sound right to me.”

So, I double checked to find I had been foiled by a census typo.

My real ancestor John, great great grandfather, was misspelled in the 1841 UK Census under John Cowin. This John Cowin was born 1932 in South Bedburn, Durham. Another later Census entry for the family confirms Emma Cowan’s dad was born in Bedburn.

Emma is my great-grandmother from Durham, who married John Forster, Primitive Methodist Minister, from Cumberland, who produced Dorothy in 1895, who married a Malayan planter, Robert Nixon (from Helmsley) in 1921 and whom I only met once in my life, 1967, the year of Expo67.  Dorothy is subject of my play Looking for Mrs. Peel.

So, it seems, I am not the descendent of a radical liberal politician, friend to Anglo-Jewry, but a descendant of one John Cowen, a Victorian Age auctioneer.

(And that is correct, because Emma Cowen was born on Eliot Street, in Crook and Billy Row, Durham, and his auction house was located there, I discovered on yet another online document.)

Because I had to know, I checked to see that the profession of auctioneer was a pretty lucrative one at the time, although one that was despised because it preyed on human misery.  Thackery, apparently, simply hated auctioneers.

Bankruptcy was often used in Victorian era novels to make a point about human greed and to propel the plot. George Eliot’s Mill on the Floss, which I just listened to online, includes a sad, plate-by-plate  description of a family bankruptcy.

Going backwards in time over the UK Censuses, I discovered John was the son of a grocer, Joseph, Crook and Billy Row, Durham, who was the son of another grocer, Joseph  from Auckland Bishop, who was the son of someone who worked in the lead smelters at Alston, Cumberland. (If I got things right.)

Lead smeltering. Now, there’s the hideous job I was looking for! If your ancestry  can’t be illustrious, it might as well be pitiful.

It didn’t take me long to find out all about the lead mining industry in Alston, Cumberland, where most of my Cowens lived. (The place is still crawling with Cowens.)

There are lots of books out there on the subject. I downloaded one off Archive.org  about Alston and ‘its pastoral and mining people.’

For a time, apparently, lead mining was the only industry in the area, so my ancestor had no choice.

He had about 8 kids so the work didn’t dampen his mojo.

Lead was in everything back in the Victorian era, even in food, up until 1900 or so. (Lead actually smells and tastes nice, as any girl from the 1960’s who skipped on the sidewalks of our polluted  city streets knows very well.)

These Durham Cowen’s were all religious, described  as dissenters. Their births and marriages were registered at Redwing Chapel, Garrigle, Cumberland.

Here’s a drawing of the same chapel in the book about Alston and its people.

redwingchapelpic

Dissenters and Poets

 

john

Reverend John Forster. Published with the permission of the Primitive Methodist Ancestor Website.

Late in his life, Somebody Forster, my great-grandfather, awakened from his night’s sleep to ask his wife of many decades, ‘Woman, what are you doing in my bed?”  It was dementia.

Until lately, this serio-comic anecdote was the only thing I knew about my father’s mother’s father, other than that he was a Methodist Minister from the North of England. But, just last month, I accessed the 1901 UK Census, (for free, yea) and it took me about thirty minutes to find out all I could want about my great-grandfather Somebody.

First, I looked up my grandmother, Dorothy Forster, who I knew was born in 1895 in Middleton-on -Teesdale, County Durham, UK,  to see that her father was a Reverend John from Knockburn, Northumberland; her mother Emma, a former Cowen from Crook,  and, more importantly, that John was a Primitive Methodist Minister. (I checked. PM’s were dissenters; socialists and pacifists, apparently.) *1

Then, googling the keywords “John Forster” and “Primitive Methodist,”  I  landed on a webpage from a genealogy site, myprimitivemethodistancestors.org , with a short biography of Great-granddad John, with  grainy photos of him and wife Emma taken in 1914. 2 

Apparently, John Forster, a bookish, self-educated son of a farmer, was an accomplished essayist who penned over fifty articles for the Connexions Magazine of the Primitive Methodists on sundry weighty topics including “Heredity in Relation to Morals” and “Primitive Methodism and the Labour Question.”(He also served as a Temperance Committee; amusing, as his daughter, my Grandma Dorothy*, could really slug back the gin!)

I was most intrigued, though, to see that John had published a book of poetry, in 1923, shortly after my father, his grandson, was born at the European Hospital near Kuala Lumpur, Malaya. The author claims that Reverend John’s poems ‘contain lyrics of extraordinary charm and grace.’

(Well, I know the Wasteland was published in 1922, ushering in modernity, it is claimed, but no one said anything as nice about T.S. Eliot’s poem 😉

Curious, of course, about these verses, I contacted the Primitive Methodism Website’s administrator, asking for help. She immediately emailed me back a longer biographical article about John Forster, but no examples of his poems.  The volume in question, Pictures of Life in Verse seems to have gone missing from the church/museum library.

Quelle Bummer!

There’s good news, though. This longer article lists Reverend John’s assignments or ‘circuits’ in chronological order.  The Forster family moved often, it seems, around the area:  Thornley, Crook, Middleham, Bradford, Middleton-in-Teesdale, (a very pretty sheepy village) about six other towns, then, it said, “his present one (1912) being Helmsley.”

Bingo!  I know from the 1911 UK Census, that Helmsley is the hometown of my grandfather, Robert Nixon.  Clearly, alliances were made in that era that resulted  in the marriage of John and Emma’s second daughter, Dorothy, to Robert Nixon, son of a delver in the local Rievaulx quarry, although a Great War would delay official matrimony.

Dorothy would have been 17 in 1912 and fresh out of her co-ed Quaker boarding school and Robert Nixon just 22, and working in service as a footman.3

Perhaps Robert’s prospects weren’t good enough for the righteous Reverend John. In 1913, according to online records,4 Robert, travelled to Malaya to work as a labourer in a rubber plantation. During WWI, Dorothy worked as a land girl, leading enormous Clydesdales through the woods, a comical sight as she was only 5 foot tall.*5

The same records also reveal that Robert returned to England in 1916, now the plantation’s Assistant Manager. This trip home was very likely to secure a wife for real as rubber company officials insisted their employees return to the UK to find respectable British (see: white) wives.

Whatever transpired back in Helmsley, North Yorkshire in 1916,  on December, 1921, *6 Reverend John Forster, perhaps taking time off from penning one of his charming verses, sent his second daughter, Dorothy  off to  Selangor, Malaya. She’d become pregnant almost immediately upon arrival. I know because my father, Peter, was born on October 23, 1922.7


  1. Checking into Emma Cowan’s parentage, I see that her ancestors belonged to this same church, Redwing Chapel, that has an online presence! United Congregation of Red Wing Chapel, Garrigill, and Low Chapel, Alston, Cumberland; http://www.fivenine.co.uk/family_history_notebook/source_extracts/parish_registers/cumberland/redwing_registers.htm
  2. Website: Myprimitivemethodistancestors.org
  3. UK Census 1911
  4. UK Immigration and Transportation Records http://www.familysearch.org
  5. Family Lore
  6. UK Immigration and Transportation Records. After WWI, there were many, many more unmarried women than men in England, so perhaps this had something to do with Dorothy’s decision to go to Malaya to marry Robert Nixon. They did not get married in the UK, or at least I can’t find any record of a marriage.(I found it later, they got married in Brampton, Cumberland where the Forsters lived in 1921. 
  7. Family lore, (my Aunt Denise, who died last month) said that Robert kept his Asian mistress after marriage. Dorothy eventually got her own boyfriend, a colonial lawyer who remained faithful to her until her death in 1971. Both Dorothy and Robert were interned at Changi Prison in Singapore during WWI. Dorothy was Women’s Camp Commandant for a term. I only met my grandmother once in 1967, when she came to visit. Robert  died while she was at our house in Montreal’s Snowdon district.  He fell off a ladder at his daughter’s, Denise, in Farnborough, Hants, UK.  I recall the telegram. I recall, also, that my grandmother managed to wipe a tear or two from her eyes. I’ve written about my Colonial Grandmother in a play Looking for Mrs. Peel, which makes it all the more amusing that my great-grandparents were named John and Emma.